Zinnia Seedlings: 7 Essential Steps for Growing Healthy Plants

Welcome to our comprehensive guide on zinnia seedlings! If you’re an avid gardener or someone who simply appreciates the beauty of flowers, zinnias are an excellent addition to your garden. In this article, we will delve into the world of zinnia seedlings, exploring everything from their significance to the steps involved in successfully growing them.

Zinnia seedlings hold immense value for gardening enthusiasts due to their vibrant colors, versatility, and ease of cultivation. Whether you’re aiming to add splashes of color to your flower beds, create stunning floral arrangements, or attract pollinators, zinnias can fulfill your desires.

Throughout this article, we will provide you with detailed insights and practical tips to help you grow healthy and thriving zinnia seedlings. From selecting the right varieties and creating optimal growing conditions to planting the seeds and nurturing the seedlings, we’ll cover every step of the process.

By understanding the specific requirements of zinnia seedlings, you can optimize their growth and ensure a bountiful display of beautiful blooms. We’ll also address common issues that may arise during the seedling stage and guide you on how to troubleshoot them effectively.¹

Furthermore, we’ll discuss the proper techniques for transplanting zinnia seedlings into your garden, along with essential care and maintenance tips to keep them thriving. Finally, we’ll explore the joy of harvesting zinnia blooms and offer guidance on arranging and preserving these stunning flowers.

Whether you’re a seasoned gardener or a beginner with a passion for nurturing plant life, this guide will equip you with the knowledge and confidence to grow remarkable zinnia seedlings. So let’s dive in and embark on this exciting journey together, discovering the wonders of zinnia seedlings and the joy they can bring to your garden. Here are the steps for successful zinnia seedlings:

1. Getting started with your plant
2. Planting Zinnia
3. Nurturing your plant
4. Transplanting
5. Caring and Maintaining the plant
6. Troubleshooting issues
7. Harvesting & Enjoying

Getting Started with Zinnia Seedlings

Selecting the Right Zinnia Varieties for Seedlings

When embarking on your zinnia seedling journey, it’s crucial to choose the right varieties that suit your preferences and growing conditions. Zinnias come in a wide array of colors, sizes, and forms, providing endless options for creating your dream garden.

Dwarf Zinnia Varieties for Seedlings: Dwarf zinnias, such as the ‘Thumbelina’ series or ‘Profusion’ hybrids, are excellent choices for compact spaces or container gardening. These varieties typically reach heights of 6 to 12 inches and produce an abundance of colorful blooms.

Tall Zinnia Varieties for Seedlings: If you have ample space in your garden and desire taller zinnias with larger blooms, consider varieties like ‘Benary’s Giant’ or ‘State Fair.’ These varieties can reach heights of 2 to 4 feet and make stunning additions to borders or cutting gardens.

Choosing the Ideal Growing Conditions for Zinnia Seedlings

Zinnias thrive in optimal growing conditions, ensuring robust seedling development and abundant blooms. Paying attention to factors such as light, temperature, humidity, and soil composition is essential for the success of your seedlings.

Light Requirements for Zinnia Seedlings

Zinnias are sun-loving plants that require full sun to thrive. Ensure your seedlings receive at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight daily. Find a location in your garden that offers maximum sun exposure throughout the day.

Temperature and Humidity for Zinnia Seedlings

Zinnias prefer warm temperatures between 70°F and 85°F (21°C – 29°C) during the day and slightly cooler temperatures at night. Maintain a consistent temperature range for optimal growth. Additionally, zinnias appreciate moderate humidity levels to prevent drying out of the seedlings.

Soil Composition and pH for Zinnia Seedlings

Zinnias prefer well-draining soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH range of 6.0 to 7.0. Before planting your seedlings, amend the soil with organic matter such as compost to improve drainage and nutrient availability.

Preparing the Seedling Trays for Zinnia Seedlings

To give your seedlings a strong start, proper preparation of the seedling trays is essential. By ensuring a clean and suitable environment, you provide the ideal conditions for germination and early growth.

Sterilizing Containers and Soil for Zinnia Seedlings

Before filling your seedling trays, sterilize them to eliminate any potential pathogens that could harm the seedlings. Wash the trays with a mixture of 1-part bleach to 9-parts water, or use a commercial disinfectant specifically designed for gardening equipment. Additionally, use sterile seed-starting soil or sterilize regular potting soil by baking it in the oven at 180°F (82°C) for 30 minutes.

Seedling Tray Setup for Zinnia Seedlings

Fill the sterilized seedling trays with the prepared soil, leaving about ½ inch of space below the rim. Gently press down the soil to create a firm but not compacted surface. Create evenly spaced holes in the soil for sowing the zinnia seeds according to the recommended spacing for the specific variety.

By selecting the right zinnia varieties, providing optimal growing conditions, and preparing the seedling trays adequately, you set the stage for successful zinnia seedling cultivation. In the next section, we will delve into the process of planting zinnia seeds for seedlings, ensuring proper germination and healthy growth.

Planting Zinnia Seeds for Seedlings

Seed Treatment Options for Zinnia Seedlings

To maximize the germination and growth of seedlings, you can employ various seed treatment techniques. These methods help overcome seed dormancy and promote faster and more uniform germination.

Soaking Zinnia Seeds for Seedlings

One effective seed treatment method is soaking the zinnia seeds before planting. Place the seeds in a container filled with warm water and let them soak for 12 to 24 hours. This process helps soften the seed coat and kick-starts the germination process.

Scarification Techniques for Zinnia Seeds

Some zinnia seeds have hard seed coats that can inhibit germination. Scarification methods, such as gently rubbing the seeds with sandpaper or nicking them with a small knife, can break through the tough outer layer and improve germination rates.

Sowing Zinnia Seeds for Seedlings

Properly sowing zinnia seeds is crucial for successful seedling development. Pay attention to the seed depth, spacing, and moisture requirements to provide the ideal conditions for germination and healthy growth.

Seed Depth and Spacing for Zinnia Seedlings

Zinnia seeds should be planted at a depth of approximately ¼ inch (6 mm). Create small holes in the prepared soil of the seedling tray and place one seed in each hole. Space the holes according to the recommended spacing for the specific zinnia variety. Proper spacing ensures adequate air circulation and minimizes competition among seedlings as they grow.

Moisture Requirements for Zinnia Seedlings

After sowing the zinnia seeds, gently cover them with soil and lightly press down to ensure good seed-to-soil contact. Moisten the soil by misting it with water, taking care not to oversaturate. Maintain a consistently moist but not waterlogged environment for the seedlings. Check the moisture level regularly and water as needed, using a spray bottle or a gentle stream of water to prevent disturbing the seeds or seedlings.

Germination Period and Tips for Success for Zinnia Seedlings

Zinnia seeds typically germinate within 7 to 10 days under optimal conditions. However, germination times can vary depending on the variety and environmental factors. To maximize germination success, follow these tips:

Provide Warmth and Adequate Light

Place the seedling trays in a warm location, preferably between 70°F and 85°F (21°C – 29°C). Additionally, ensure the seedlings receive sufficient light by placing them under grow lights or in a sunny spot.

Maintain Consistent Moisture

Regularly monitor the moisture levels in the seedling traysUse a misting bottle to provide a light spray of water when needed, keeping the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.

Patience and Care

Avoid disturbing the seedlings during the germination process. Be patient and allow the seedlings to emerge naturally. Once they have sprouted, continue providing optimal growing conditions to support their healthy development.

By implementing seed treatment techniques, sowing zinnia seeds at the appropriate depth and spacing, and ensuring consistent moisture, you increase the chances of successful germination and robust growth of your zinnia seedlings. In the next section, we will explore the essential steps involved in nurturing seedlings, including light, temperature, watering, and protection from pests and diseases.

Nurturing Zinnia Seedlings

Providing Adequate Light for Zinnia Seedlings

Light is crucial for the healthy growth and development of zinnia seedlings. Ensuring they receive sufficient light promotes strong stems, vibrant foliage, and robust blooming. Consider the following factors when providing light for your zinnia seedlings:

Natural vs. Artificial Lighting for Zinnia Seedlings

Ideally, seedlings should receive 12 to 16 hours of bright, direct sunlight each day. If natural sunlight is limited or inconsistent, supplementing with artificial lighting can be beneficial. Use fluorescent grow lights or LED grow lights positioned 4 to 6 inches above the seedlings to provide adequate light intensity.

Light Duration and Intensity for Zinnia Seedlings

Maintain a consistent light schedule for zinnia seedlings, simulating their natural day-night cycle. Keep the lights on for 14 to 16 hours and provide 8 to 10 hours of darkness. Adjust the light intensity based on the seedlings’ growth stage, keeping the lights closer to the seedlings during their early stages and gradually raising them as the seedlings grow.

Maintaining Optimal Temperature and Humidity Levels for Zinnia Seedlings

Zinnia seedlings thrive in specific temperature and humidity ranges. Maintaining these conditions ensures healthy growth and minimizes stress on the plants. Consider the following guidelines:

Temperature Range for Zinnia Seedlings

Zinnias prefer temperatures between 70°F and 85°F (21°C – 29°C) during the day and slightly cooler temperatures, around 60°F to 70°F (15°C – 21°C), at night. Avoid exposing the seedlings to extreme temperature fluctuations or drafts, which can hinder their growth.

Humidity Considerations for Zinnia Seedlings

Zinnia seedlings appreciate moderate humidity levels to prevent drying out. Aim for humidity levels around 50% to 60%. To increase humidity, you can use a humidifier or place a tray of water near the seedlings. Regularly monitor the humidity levels using a hygrometer and adjust as needed.

Watering and Fertilizing Zinnia Seedlings

Proper watering and fertilization are essential for the healthy development of zinnia seedlings. Pay attention to their moisture needs and provide adequate nutrients for robust growth.

Proper Watering Techniques for Zinnia Seedlings

Water the seedlings thoroughly but avoid overwatering, as it can lead to root rot and other issues. Allow the soil to dry slightly between watering sessions. Water at the base of the plants, using a watering can or a gentle stream of water, to avoid wetting the foliage excessively. Ensure the water reaches the root zone without causing waterlogging.

Choosing the Right Fertilizer for Zinnia Seedlings

After the true leaves appear, begin fertilizing zinnia seedlings with a balanced water-soluble fertilizer. Dilute the fertilizer according to the package instructions and apply it every two weeks. Alternatively, use a slow-release granular fertilizer following the recommended application rates. This provides a steady supply of nutrients to support healthy growth.

Protecting Zinnia Seedlings from Pests and Diseases

Zinnia seedlings are susceptible to certain pests and diseases that can hinder their growth and vitality. Taking preventive measures and promptly addressing issues can help ensure the health of your seedlings.

Common Pests and Prevention for Zinnia Seedlings

Common pests that may affect zinnia seedlings include aphids, spider mites, and thrips. Regularly inspect your seedlings for any signs of pests and use organic pest control methods if necessary. Encourage beneficial insects, such as ladybugs and lacewings, to control pest populations naturally.

Identifying and Treating Diseases in Zinnia Seedlings

Zinnia seedlings can be vulnerable to fungal diseases like powdery mildew and damping-off. Ensure proper air circulation around the seedlings, avoid overwatering, and maintain appropriate spacing to prevent the spread of diseases. If symptoms appear, treat the affected seedlings with appropriate fungicides or other organic disease control methods.

By providing adequate light, maintaining optimal temperature and humidity levels, watering and fertilizing appropriately, and protecting zinnia seedlings from pests and diseases, you create an environment conducive to their healthy growth. In the next section, we will discuss the process of transplanting zinnia seedlings into the garden, ensuring a smooth transition and continued success.

Transplanting Zinnia Seedlings

Determining the Right Time for Transplanting Zinnia Seedlings

Transplanting zinnia seedlings at the appropriate time is crucial for their successful establishment in the garden. Consider the following factors when determining the right time for transplanting:

Seedling Size and Development

Wait until the zinnia seedlings have developed a strong root system and multiple sets of true leaves before transplanting. This typically occurs when the seedlings are around 4 to 6 inches tall.

Frost-Free Date and Outdoor Conditions

Transplant zinnia seedlings after the risk of frost has passed in your areEnsure that outdoor conditions, such as temperature and weather patterns, are suitable for the seedlings’ survival.

Hardening Off Zinnia Seedlings

Before transplanting zinnia seedlings into the garden, it’s essential to gradually expose them to outdoor conditions through a process called hardening off. This helps the seedlings adjust to the differences in light, temperature, and humidity between indoor and outdoor environments.

Gradual Exposure to Outdoor Conditions

Begin by placing the seedlings outdoors in a sheltered location for a few hours each day, gradually increasing the duration over the course of one to two weeks. Start with a shady spot and gradually expose them to more direct sunlight. This process helps toughen up the seedlings and prepares them for the harsher outdoor environment.

Protecting Zinnia Seedlings from Cold or Windy Weather

During the hardening off period, monitor the weather forecast and bring the seedlings indoors or provide protective coverings if there is a risk of cold temperatures or strong winds. Gradually expose the seedlings to cooler temperatures to acclimate them gradually.

Transplanting Techniques and Tips for Zinnia Seedlings

Follow these techniques and tips when transplanting zinnia seedlings into the garden:

Prepare the Planting Site

Choose a location in your garden that receives full sun and has well-draining soil. Remove any weeds or debris from the area.

Dig Properly Sized Holes

Dig holes in the garden that are slightly larger than the root balls of the zinnia seedlings. Space the holes according to the recommended spacing for the specific zinnia variety.

Gently Remove Seedlings from Containers

Carefully remove the seedlings from their containers, taking care not to damage the roots. Gently loosen the root ball if necessary.

Plant Seedlings at the Correct Depth

Place each seedling in a hole, ensuring that the top of the root ball is level with the surrounding soil. Backfill the hole with soil, firming it gently around the seedling.

Water and Mulch

Water the newly transplanted seedlings thoroughly to settle the soil. Apply a layer of organic mulch around the plants to help conserve moisture and suppress weeds.

By transplanting zinnia seedlings at the appropriate time, gradually exposing them to outdoor conditions, and following proper transplanting techniques, you provide them with the best chance of thriving in the garden. In the next section, we will explore the essential care and maintenance tasks to support the continued growth and vitality of your zinnia seedlings.

Care and Maintenance of Zinnia Seedlings

Watering and Mulching Zinnia Seedlings

Proper watering and mulching are essential for the care and maintenance of zinnia seedlings. These practices help maintain soil moisture, prevent weed growth, and support healthy growth.

Watering Zinnia Seedlings

Water zinnia seedlings consistently, keeping the soil evenly moist but not waterlogged. Use your finger to check the moisture level in the soil. Water at the base of the plants to avoid wetting the foliage, as wet leaves can promote the development of diseases. Adjust the frequency of watering based on the weather conditions, ensuring that the soil doesn’t dry out.

Mulching Around Zinnia Seedlings

Apply a layer of organic mulch, such as straw or wood chips, around the base of the zinnia seedlings. Mulching helps retain soil moisture, suppress weed growth, and maintain more consistent soil temperatures. Ensure that the mulch is not in direct contact with the stems to prevent the risk of stem rot.²

Pruning and Pinching Techniques for Zinnia Seedlings

Pruning and pinching zinnia seedlings help promote bushier growth, encourage more blooms, and maintain a neat appearance. Follow these techniques for effective pruning and pinching:

Pinching Zinnia Seedlings

When the zinnia seedlings have reached a height of around 6 inches, pinch off the top set of leaves or the growing tip. This encourages the development of side branches, resulting in a bushier plant with more flower-bearing stems. Repeat the pinching process when the new branches reach a similar height.

Pruning Zinnia Seedlings

As the zinnia seedlings continue to grow, remove any dead or faded flowers regularly. This practice, known as deadheading, helps redirect the plant’s energy toward producing new blooms. Snip off the spent flowers just above a set of leaves or branching point.

Supporting Tall Zinnia Varieties for Seedlings

Tall zinnia varieties may require support to prevent the stems from bending or breaking under the weight of the flowers. Follow these techniques to provide adequate support:

Staking Zinnia Seedlings

Insert stakes or plant supports, such as bamboo stakes or metal cages, into the ground near the base of the zinnia seedlings. As the plants grow, gently tie the stems to the stakes using soft plant ties or garden twine. This helps keep the plants upright and prevents them from leaning or collapsing.

Regular Inspections and Maintenance Tasks

Regularly inspect your zinnia seedlings for signs of pests, diseases, or nutrient deficiencies. Address any issues promptly by using appropriate organic pest control methods or applying the necessary treatments. Monitor the soil moisture levels, adjust watering as needed, and provide fertilization as recommended to ensure ongoing healthy growth.

By implementing proper watering and mulching techniques, utilizing pruning and pinching methods, and providing support for tall zinnia varieties, you can effectively care for and maintain your zinnia seedlings. In the next section, we will discuss common issues that may arise with zinnia seedlings and provide tips for troubleshooting and problem-solving.

Troubleshooting Common Issues with Zinnia Seedlings

Leggy Seedlings: Causes and Solutions for Zinnia Seedlings

Leggy seedlings, characterized by elongated and weak stems, can be a common issue with zinnias. Address this problem with the following solutions:

Insufficient Light

Ensure that your zinnia seedlings are receiving adequate light. Increase the duration or intensity of artificial lighting if necessary. If growing outdoors, choose a location with full sun exposure.

Overcrowding

If seedlings are overcrowded, they may stretch towards the light source. Thin out the weaker seedlings to provide more space for the remaining ones, promoting stronger stem development.

Late Pinching

Pinch back the zinnia seedlings early on to encourage bushier growth and prevent legginess. Pinching should be done when the seedlings are around 6 inches tall.

Yellowing or Wilting Leaves: Remedies for Zinnia Seedlings

Yellowing or wilting leaves can be indicative of various issues affecting zinnia seedlings. Take the following steps to address this problem:

Overwatering or Underwatering

Ensure that you are watering your zinnia seedlings appropriately. Avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot, or underwatering, which can cause dehydration. Adjust the watering frequency based on the moisture needs of the seedlings and the environmental conditions.³

Nutrient Deficiencies

Yellowing leaves may indicate nutrient deficiencies, such as nitrogen or iron. Use a balanced fertilizer to provide the necessary nutrients to the seedlings. Follow the recommended application rates for your zinnia seedlings.

Lack of Blooms: Promoting Flowering in Zinnia Seedlings

If your zinnia seedlings are not producing blooms, several factors may be at play. Consider the following solutions to encourage flowering:

Adequate Light

Ensure that your zinnia seedlings are receiving enough light, especially full sun exposure. Insufficient light can delay or inhibit blooming. Adjust the lighting conditions or relocate the seedlings to a sunnier spot if needed.

Nutrient Balance

Ensure that your zinnia seedlings are receiving proper nutrition. Use a balanced fertilizer with adequate phosphorus, which promotes flower production. Follow the recommended fertilization schedule to provide the necessary nutrients.

Preventing and Managing Fungal Diseases in Zinnia Seedlings

Fungal diseases can affect zinnia seedlings, causing leaf spots, powdery mildew, or damping-off. Employ the following preventive measures and treatments to manage fungal diseases:

Proper Air Circulation

Ensure adequate air circulation around your zinnia seedlings. Avoid overcrowding and provide proper spacing between plants. This reduces the chances of fungal spores spreading and minimizes the risk of infection.

Water Management

Avoid overhead watering, as wet foliage can promote the development of fungal diseases. Water at the base of the plants, directing the water to the root zone. Water in the morning to allow foliage to dry before nighttime.

Organic Fungicides

If fungal diseases occur, treat the affected zinnia seedlings with organic fungicides. Follow the instructions on the product label and apply the fungicide as recommended. Remove and dispose of severely infected plants to prevent further spread.

By troubleshooting common issues such as leggy seedlings, yellowing or wilting leaves, lack of blooms, and fungal diseases, you can address problems promptly and ensure the health and vitality of your zinnia seedlings. In the next section, we will explore the process of harvesting zinnia blooms and enjoying their beauty in various ways.

Harvesting and Enjoying Zinnia Blooms

Recognizing the Right Time to Harvest Zinnia Blooms

Harvesting zinnia blooms at the optimal stage ensures their longevity and beauty. Consider the following indicators to determine the right time for harvest:

Fully Open Flowers

Wait until the zinnia flowers have fully opened and reached their mature size. The petals should be fully expanded and show vibrant color.

Firm Stems

Gently squeeze the stem near the base of the flower. If it feels firm and taut, it is a good indication that the bloom is ready for harvesting.

Proper Techniques for Cutting Zinnia Flowers

When harvesting zinnia blooms, use proper cutting techniques to ensure the health of the plant and the longevity of the flowers:

Selecting the Right Tools

Use clean, sharp pruning shears or scissors to make a clean cut. Avoid using dull or rusty tools that can damage the stems or introduce pathogens.

Cutting Method

Choose a stem with a well-developed flower and make a diagonal cut, about ¼ inch above a set of leaves or branching point. This encourages the growth of new branches and promotes continuous blooming.

Arranging and Preserving Zinnia Blooms

Once harvested, zinnia blooms can be arranged in stunning floral displays or preserved for long-lasting enjoyment:

Floral Arrangements

Remove any foliage that will be below the water line to prevent bacterial growth. Arrange the zinnia blooms in a clean vase filled with fresh water mixed with floral preservative. Change the water every few days to keep the blooms fresh.

Drying Zinnia Blooms

If you wish to preserve the zinnia blooms, consider drying them. Hang the harvested blooms upside down in a warm, dry, and well-ventilated areOnce fully dried, they can be used in dried flower arrangements or crafts.

By harvesting zinnia blooms at the right stage, using proper cutting techniques, and arranging or preserving them appropriately, you can fully enjoy the beauty of zinnias both indoors and as dried flower arrangements. In the final section, we will summarize the key points discussed throughout this guide and offer encouragement to grow zinnia seedlings.

Conclusion

Recap of Key Points about Zinnia Seedlings

Throughout this comprehensive guide, we have explored the world of zinnia seedlings and the steps involved in successfully growing them. Let’s recap the key points we covered:

1. Selecting the Right Zinnia Varieties for Seedlings: Choose varieties that suit your preferences and growing conditions, such as dwarf or tall zinnia varieties.
2. Providing Ideal Growing Conditions: Ensure proper light, temperature, humidity, and soil composition to promote healthy growth.
3. Planting Zinnia Seeds: Treat seeds if needed, sow at the appropriate depth and spacing, and maintain consistent moisture for successful germination.
4. Nurturing Zinnia Seedlings: Provide adequate light, temperature, and humidity levels, water and fertilize appropriately, and protect seedlings from pests and diseases.
5. Transplanting Zinnia Seedlings: Determine the right time, harden off seedlings gradually, and follow proper techniques for successful transplantation.
6. Care and Maintenance: Water and mulch adequately, employ pruning and pinching techniques, and support tall varieties as needed.
7. Troubleshooting Common Issues: Address leggy seedlings, yellowing or wilting leaves, lack of blooms, and fungal diseases promptly and effectively.
8. Harvesting and Enjoying Zinnia Blooms: Recognize the right time to harvest, use proper cutting techniques, and arrange or preserve blooms for long-lasting beauty.

Encouragement to Grow Zinnia Seedlings

We hope this guide has inspired you to embark on the journey of growing zinnia seedlings. These beautiful flowers can add vibrant colors and a touch of elegance to your garden or floral arrangements. With the knowledge and tips provided, you can cultivate healthy zinnia seedlings and enjoy a bountiful display of blooms.

Remember, growing zinnia seedlings is not only a rewarding experience but also an opportunity to connect with nature and unleash your creativity. Experiment with different zinnia varieties, explore various colors and forms, and have fun arranging or preserving the blooms.

Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced gardener, zinnia seedlings offer a delightful way to enhance your garden and bring joy to your surroundings. So grab your gardening tools, sow those zinnia seeds, and witness the magic of these remarkable flowers unfold.

Final Thoughts and Inspiration

As you embark on your zinnia seedling journey, remember that gardening is a continuous learning process. Observe your plants, adapt to their needs, and don’t be afraid to experiment. Through patience, care, and a touch of creativity, you’ll experience the immense satisfaction of seeing your zinnia seedlings flourish and bloom.

May your zinnia seedlings bring beauty, joy, and a sense of fulfillment to your gardening endeavors.

References

1. Dudley, J. B., Pertuit, A. J., & Toler, J. E. (2004). Leonardite influences zinnia and marigold growth. HortScience, 39(2), 251-255. Retrieved from: Leonardite Influences Zinnia and Marigold Growth in: HortScience Volume 39 Issue 2 (2004) (ashs.org)
2. ESRİNGÜ, A., EKİNCİ, M., & TURAN, M. (2022). Effects of Different Growing Media on Growth Parameters of Zinnia (Zinnia elegans). Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 32(1), 175-185. Retrieved from: Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences » Submission » Effects of Different Growing Media on Growth Parameters of Zinnia (Zinnia elegans) (dergipark.org.tr)
3. Pavithra, P., Selvaskanthan, S., Raveenthira, V., & Sivachandiran, S. (2021). Effect of different dehydration techniques for preservation of selected garden flowers. Retrieved from: Research Repository: Effect of different dehydration techniques for preservation of selected garden flowers (jfn.ac.lk)